Poor control and management of cardiovascular risk factors among Albanian diabetic adult patients☆

Abstract 

Background

Cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors represent potential targets for intervention. A good metabolic control, associated with control of blood pressure and cholesterol levels is proven to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease among individuals with diabetes mellitus.

Objectives

To examine 2004–2005 medical records of adults with previously diagnosed diabetes and to evaluate the fulfillment of diabetes guidelines treatment, for the metabolic control and management of cardiovascular risk factors.

Research, design and methods

We reviewed the data from the National Register of Diabetes (Tirana district), updated during this period. As guidelines we used the ADA 2006 Recommendations for metabolic control, HTA, lipid profile and aspirin therapy.

Results

We examined 7259 medical records. Only 14.58% of the patients had an HbA1c <7%. Central obesity was present in 39% of our patients. Overall, only 31.9% of our patients achieved the target for blood pressure (SBP<130mmHg and DBP<80mmHg). Two-third of our patients had total cholesterol >200mg/dl. In total, only 5.5% of our patients attained recommended goals of cardiovascular risk factors for HbA1c, blood pressure and lipid profile.

Conclusions

The follow-up of diabetic patients during the transient period in Albania is marked by a deterioration of diabetes metabolic control and poor management of cardiovascular risk factors. Further public health efforts are needed for better control of these risk factors among adults with diagnosed diabetes.

Keywords: Diabetes, Cardiovascular risk factors, Metabolic control, Blood pressure, Lipid profile, Guideline