Primary Care Diabetes
Volume 2, Issue 4 , Pages 201-202 , December 2008

Renin angiotensin system (RAS) blockade and diabetic microvascular complications in the eye and kidney

  • Rudy Bilous

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationTel.: +44 1642 854145; fax: +44 1642 854148.

Received 28 May 2008 ,Accepted 26 June 2008.

References 

  1. US Renal Data Systems, USRDS 2007, Annual Data Report, NIH, NIDDK Bethesda MD, Accessed via www.usrds.com (March 4th 2007).
  2. Chaturvedi N, Sjoelie AK, Svensson A. The Diabetic Retinopathy Candesartan Trials (DIRECT) Programme, rationale and study design. JRAAS. 2002;3:255–261
  3. The DCCT Research Group . The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. N. Engl. J. Med. 1993;329:977–986
  4. UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group . Tight blood pressure control and risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 38. BMJ. 1998;317:703–713
  5. Cooper ME. Interaction of metabolic and haemodynamic factors in mediating experimental diabetic nephropathy. Diabetologia. 2001;44:1957–1972
  6. Burns KD. Angiotensin II and its receptors in the diabetic kidney. Am. J. Kid Dis. 2000;36:449–467
  7. The EUCLID Study Group . Randomised placebo-control trial of lisinopril in normotensive patients with insulin-dependent diabetes and normoalbuminuria or microalbuminuria. Lancet. 1997;349:1787–1792
  8. Chaturvedi N, et al. Effect of lisinopril on progression of retinopathy in normotensive people with type 1 diabetes. Lancet. 1998;351:28–31
  9. Ruggenenti P, Fassi A, Ilieva AP, Bruno S, Ilief IP, Brusegan V, et al Preventing microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetes. N. Engl. J. Med. 2004;351:1941–1951
  10. The DIRECT Programme Study Group . The Diabetic Retinopathy Candesartan Trials (DIRECT) Programme: baseline characteristics. JRAAS. 2005;6:25–32

PII: S1751-9918(08)00072-7

doi: 10.1016/j.pcd.2008.06.002

Primary Care Diabetes
Volume 2, Issue 4 , Pages 201-202 , December 2008