Prevalence and clinical profile of autosomal dominant type 2 diabetes from a diabetes centre in India

Abstract 

Aims

To study the prevalence, and clinical profile of autosomal dominant (AD) inherited forms of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods

Detailed pedigree charts were drawn on 510 consecutive T2DM subjects attending a tertiary care diabetes centre in South India. Clinical and biochemical features of T2DM subjects with and without AD inheritance were compared.

Results

Overall, 36.1% of T2DM had one parent with diabetes, in 10.6%, both parents had diabetes and 10.2% had features of AD. Age at diagnosis of diabetes was the lowest among AD group compared to other groups (p for trend <0.001). Only 22.6% of T2DM with AD inheritance had age at diagnosis of diabetes below 25 years and in 26.4%, it was diagnosed above 45 years. There were no significant differences in the clinical features, including prevalence of diabetic complications, between T2DM with and without AD inheritance.

Conclusions

In this clinic-based study, 10.2% of T2DM subjects had evidence of AD inheritance. While the AD cases occurred at younger age, older age at diagnosis was not uncommon. Clinical features, including complications, did not differ between the T2DM patients with or without AD.

Keywords: Type 2 diabetes, Family history, Genetics, Autosomal dominant, Asian Indians