Abstract
Aims
The current study aims to investigate practicability and effects of a combined dietary
intervention with increased relative protein content supplemented with omega-3 polyunsaturated
fatty acids (PUFA) on metabolic control and inflammatory parameters in a real life
situation in type 2 diabetes patients.
Methods
In this observational study we advised thirty mostly obese patients with type 2 diabetes
to follow a protein-enriched diet with carbohydrates of low glycemic index (low GI)
and moderate fat reduction supplemented with omega-3 PUFA for 24 weeks. Primary efficacy
parameter was the change in HbA1c; secondary parameters included changes in systemic
inflammation (measured by ultrasensitive C-reactive protein, usCRP), body weight,
waist circumference, fat mass. The study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01474603).
Results
The dietary intervention significantly reduced the primary efficacy variable HbA1c
from a baseline value of 63 ± 11 mmol/mol to 59 ± 14 mmol/mol (P = 0.033) and 56 ± 12 mmol/mol (P = 0.001) after 12 and 24 weeks, respectively. In addition, usCRP decreased significantly
at 24 weeks (P = 0.039). Waist circumference, an important indicator for cardiometabolic-risk and silent
inflammation, decreased from baseline 116.0 ± 14.1 cm to 114.9 ± 13.5 cm (P = 0.019), 114.0 ± 14.4 cm (P = 0.001), and 112.7 ± 13.4 cm (P = 0.049), after 3, 12 and 24 weeks, respectively.
Conclusion
Counseling a protein enriched and low glycemic index diet supplemented with long-chain
omega-3 PUFA in a real-life clinical setting improves glycemic control and also reduces
waist circumference and silent inflammation in overweight or obese patients with type
2 diabetes.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: March 21, 2014
Accepted:
February 24,
2014
Received in revised form:
February 19,
2014
Received:
October 16,
2013
Identification
Copyright
© 2014 Primary Care Diabetes Europe. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
