Abstract
Background
Diabetes type 2 is an increasing problem worldwide that may be managed through education.
Text-messaging using a cell phone can assist with self-care. The aim of this study
was to systematically review the impact of education through mobile text-messaging
on glycemic control.
Methods
The design was a systematic review with meta-analysis. Five electronic databases were
searched to access English studies involving a randomized controlled trial design
that used text-messaging educational interventions in patients with type 2 diabetes
during an 11-year period (2003–2013). Studies were evaluated using a quality assessment
scale adapted from Jadad scale and Cochrane handbook. Extraction of data was carried
out by two reviewers. A random-effect model with a standardized mean difference and
Hedges's g indices was used for conducting the meta-analysis. Subgroup analyses were conducted
and a Funnel plot was used to examine publication bias.
Results
Ten studies overall were identified that fulfilled inclusion criteria, involving a
total of 960 participants. The mean age of the sample was 52.8 years and majority
were females. Data were heterogeneous (I2 = 67.6). Analyses suggested a publication bias based on Egger's regression (P < 0.05). HbA1c was reduced significantly in experimental groups compared to control
groups (P < 0.001). The effect size for glycemic control in studies that used text-messaging only
was 44%. For studies that used both text-messaging and Internet, the effect size was
86%.
Conclusion
Mobile text-messaging for educating Type 2 diabetics appears to be effective on glycemic
control. Further investigations on mobile applications to achieve educational goals
involving other diseases are recommended.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: May 01, 2014
Accepted:
March 19,
2014
Received in revised form:
March 11,
2014
Received:
February 1,
2014
Identification
Copyright
© 2014 Primary Care Diabetes Europe. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.