Highlights
- •Higher prevalence of smell impairment in adults with diabetes.
- •No observed taste impairment in adults with diabetes.
- •Daily calorie intake appears to be reduced in people with smell impairment.
Abstract
Aim
This study investigates the prevalence of smell and taste impairment in adults with
diabetes and potential risk factors for sense deterioration and its influence of daily
food intake.
Methods
Data from the NHANES 2013-2014 were analyzed. Smell impairment was defined as failing
to identify ≥3 of 8 odors in NHANES Pocket Smell Test. Taste impairment was defined
as being unable to identify quinine or NaCl in NHANES Tongue Tip and Whole-mouth Test.
Results
A total of 3204 people (428 patients with diabetes, 2776 controls) were suitable to
be included. The prevalence of smell impairment in patients with diabetes was higher
compared to the controls: 22% versus 15% (p < 0.001). The difference prevailed after adjustment for age, BMI, alcohol misuse and
smoking status. Taste was not impaired in patients with diabetes (p = 0.29). Patients with diabetes and smell impairment had a lower daily calorie intake
compared to patients with diabetes and normal smell function. The duration of diabetes,
diabetic complications and other potential risk factors were not associated with smell
dysfunction.
Conclusions
Smell dysfunction appears with a higher prevalence in patients with diabetes, and
this seems to negatively affect daily food intake.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: June 11, 2018
Accepted:
May 18,
2018
Received in revised form:
April 30,
2018
Received:
February 6,
2018
Identification
Copyright
© 2018 Primary Care Diabetes Europe. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
