Highlights
- •Sleep deprivation has the potential to decrease insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance throughout the body.
- •No critical role of glucose-counterregulatory hormones in glucose disturbance after 14-days of consecutive sleep deprivation.
- •Increases in sleep duration and sleep quality could improve glucose homeostasis in diabetic patients.
Abstract
Background
Optimizing sleep has been recently gained exposure as a promising lifestyle consideration
to aid in the control of diabetes. The evidence to support the impact of sleep quantity
and quality on blood glucose control is largely acknowledged. This study aimed to
review all published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the relationship
between sleep and glucose control to synthesize an accurate overview.
Method
Literature from PubMed and Google Scholar was searched using the listed search terms
to obtain RCTs on the role of sleep in glucose homeostasis. Seven RCTs were eligible
and included in our review. References in these RCTs were screened for the presentation
of the pathophysiology of metabolic disturbances relating to the sleep duration, and
the relevant factors affecting blood glucose concentration.
Results
Sleep deprivation and poor sleep quality are connected with blood glucose disturbance
and reduction of insulin sensitivity. This leaves diabetic patients at an increased
risk of glucose level fluctuations. However, the function of β-cells was likely to
be conserved after 14-days of sleep deprivation. Sleep extension from 7 to 14 days
improved blood glucose control and insulin sensitivity in both healthy and diabetes
participants. Diabetes sleep education and personalized interventions that reduced
stress and improved sleep quality contributed to glucose homeostasis in diabetic patients.
Overall improving one’s sleep hygiene was found to improve glucose control in diabetic
patients.
Conclusion
Longer or short-term sleep deprivation may negatively affect glucose homeostasis,
although the body temporarily compensates for the impaired function of β-cells when
reduced sleep lasted up to 14 days. Thus, we recommend optimum sleep duration and
optimistic sleep duration and sleep quality for decreasing risk and progression of
diabetes.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: April 10, 2021
Accepted:
April 5,
2021
Received in revised form:
March 21,
2021
Received:
March 10,
2020
Identification
Copyright
© 2021 Primary Care Diabetes Europe. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
